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The Federal Government Has Borrowed Trillions. Who Owns All that Debt?
Most federal debt is owed to domestic holders, but foreign ownership is much higher now than it was about 50 years ago.
Chart Pack: The U.S. Budget
A selection of key charts that give an overview of the major components in the U.S. federal budget.
How Does the Capital Gains Tax Work Now, and What Are Some Proposed Reforms?
While the capital gains tax affects anyone selling a capital asset, higher-income individuals are typically subject to the tax more so than average Americans.
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Jun 3, 2025
Budget Basics: The National Flood Insurance Program
The National Flood Insurance Program is run by the federal government to reduce the impact of flooding on private and public structures.
Dec 20, 2024
10 Key Facts about Student Debt in the United States
A college education has undeniable, lifelong economic benefits, but excessive levels of student debt can impose financial burdens on borrowers.
Jun 5, 2023
How Much COVID Funding Remains Unspent?
As part of a potential deal to raise the debt ceiling, policymakers are considering rescinding remaining funding for COVID-19 relief.
Jun 22, 2022
What Happens to State Governments When Federal Funds Run Out?
Federal COVID-19 legislation has supported Americans and the economy through the pandemic, but how can states avoid a “fiscal cliff” once federal aid wanes?
Jun 15, 2022
The Federal Reserve Will Begin Reducing Its Holdings of Treasury Notes and Bonds
The Fed recently announced it will begin reducing the size of its balance sheet this month to combat high inflation and a tight labor market.
Jun 9, 2022
New York Has One of the Most Complex and Decentralized Debt Structures among States
Unlike the federal government, most state governments have balanced budget requirements (BBRs) for their operating budgets. New York’s is not among them.
Jun 1, 2022
Why Did the Federal Government Get Involved in Student Loans?
Skyrocketing student debt has generated significant discussion about ways to improve the financing of higher education in the United States.